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CBSE Class 12 Study Material

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  • Biodiversity and Conservation (part-1)

    A great sociobiologist Edward Wilson popularized the term  biodiversity to describe the combined diversity at all the levels of biological organisation

    May 30, 2014

  • Ecosystem (part-2)

    Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) can be defined as the amount of light available for photosynthesis, which is light in the 400 to 700 nanometer wavelength range. PAR can be changed  seasonally and varies depending on the latitude and time of day.

    May 30, 2014

  • Ecosystem (part-1)

    There are two components in an ecosystem. Interaction of biotic and abiotic components results in a physical structure that is characteristic for each type of ecosystem. Identification and enumeration of plant and animal species of an ecosystem gives its species composition

    May 30, 2014

  • Organisms and Population (part-2)

    The number of individuals of the same species that have come into the habitat from elsewhere during the time period under consideration is termed as Immigration

    May 30, 2014

  • Organisms and Population (part-1)

    The basic concern of ecology is with four levels of biological organisation – organisms, populations, communities and biomes

    May 30, 2014

  • Biotechnology and its Applications (part-2)

    Insertion of genes into an individual’s cells and tissues to treat diseases especially hereditary diseases is called as gene therapy. The mechanism of gene therapy is based on the replacement of a defective mutant allele with a functional one or gene targeting which involves gene amplification.

    May 30, 2014

  • Evolution part 2 trial 4 640 X 480 600 kbps

    Test file

    Jan 24, 2013

  • Evolution part 2 trial 3 640 X 480 600 kbps

    Test file

    Jan 24, 2013

  • Biotechnology and its Applications (part-1)

    Transgenic animal is the animal that has had their DNA manipulated to possess and express an extra (foreign) gene. Transgenic rats, rabbits, pigs, sheep, cows and fish have been produced, although over 95 per cent of all existing transgenic animals are mice

    May 30, 2014

  • Biotechnology: Principles and Processes (part-2)

    Ecognition sequence for Hind II is the specific base sequence. Besides Hind II, today we know more than 900 restriction enzymes that have been isolated from over 230 strains of bacteria each of which recognize different recognition sequences.

    May 30, 2014

  • Biotechnology: Principles and Processes (part-1)

    Biotechnology is a type of practical biology which involves the use of living organisms and bioprocesses in engineering, technology, medicine and other fields . Biotechnology also utilizes the byproducts for development purpose.

    May 30, 2014

  • The d-and f-Block Elements (Part-1)

    Those elements having a partially filled d or f subshell in any common oxidation state are said to be transition elements. The term "transition elements" most commonly refers to the d-block transition elements.

    May 30, 2014

  • The d-and f-Block Elements (Part-2)

    Melting and boiling point of d & f block elements are very high (except Zn). These higher values are due to small atomic radii of transition elements which provides greater inter atomic forces of attraction.

    May 18, 2013

  • The p-Block Elements (Part-2)

    The molecule of ammonia is trigonal pyramidal with the nitrogen atom at the apex. It has three bond pairs and one lone pair of electrons as shown in the structure.

    May 17, 2013

  • The p-Block Elements (Part-1)

    Atomic sizes, ionization enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy and electro negativity are the parameters witch influence the properties of p-block elements like that of others

    May 30, 2014
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